@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Newsreader:ital,opsz,wght@0,6..72,300..600;1,6..72,300..500&display=swap');

/* Why — Mike's page, a magazine profile then his letter (rebuilt 12 Oct 2026).
   On top of ../site.css only (header, footer, pill). The v3 beats are not used
   here: a story told one slide at a time read as the same screen 17 times.
   Inter carries the names and headings; Newsreader carries his words. */

body.why {
  --ink: #ece7de;          /* his words: the long read */
  --ink-2: #c3c5ca;
  --ink-3: #9c9fa5;
  --sand: #e8d5b9;         /* Home's second headline line */
  --sand-deep: #c9a87f;
  --glass: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035);
  --line: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.085);
  --col: 660px;            /* the reading column */
  --wide: 1180px;
  --news: 'Newsreader', 'Iowan Old Style', Georgia, serif;
  --gutter: max(var(--pad), calc((100% - var(--wide)) / 2));
}

/* out of the site's two-column prose grid: every section lays itself out.
   [id] is load-bearing: site.css's grid selector carries two :not(.class),
   and without it that rule wins. */
body.why main > section[id] {
  display: block;
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 var(--gutter);
}
body.why main h2,
body.why main h3 {
  background: none;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: currentColor;
  padding: 0;
}
body.why main p { margin: 0; color: inherit; }
body.why main ul,
body.why main ol { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
body.why main li { margin: 0; padding: 0; color: inherit; }
body.why main li::before { content: none; }

/* the ivory a name or a headline is lit with, as on Home */
body.why .lit {
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--ivory-hi) 10%, var(--ivory-mid) 55%, var(--ivory-lo) 100%);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
          background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
}
body.why .eyebrow {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.6;
  letter-spacing: 0.3em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-ink);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ the cover */
body.why #cover {
  min-height: min(980px, 100svh);
  padding-top: calc(var(--header-h) + clamp(48px, 7vw, 104px));
  padding-bottom: clamp(64px, 8vw, 120px);
  overflow: hidden;
  isolation: isolate;
}
body.why .cover-art {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: -1;
}
body.why .cover-art img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  max-width: none;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 62% 40%;
  filter: brightness(0.92) saturate(1.05);
}
body.why .cover-art::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(to right, rgba(2, 6, 13, 0.94) 0%, rgba(2, 6, 13, 0.78) 38%, rgba(2, 6, 13, 0.25) 70%, rgba(2, 6, 13, 0.45) 100%),
    linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(2, 6, 13, 0.55) 0%, transparent 22%, transparent 62%, var(--ground) 100%);
}
body.why .cover-in {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 7fr) minmax(0, 4.4fr);
  gap: clamp(40px, 6vw, 96px);
  align-items: center;
  max-width: var(--wide);
}
body.why .cover-line {
  margin-top: 26px;
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(26px, 2.6vw, 38px);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--sand);
}
body.why .cover-name {
  margin-top: 14px;
  font-size: clamp(64px, 8.4vw, 132px);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 0.92;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
}
body.why .cover-name span { display: block; }
body.why .standfirst {
  max-width: 560px;
  margin-top: clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px);
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(20px, 1.65vw, 24px);
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink);
}
body.why .cover-copy .actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: clamp(32px, 3.4vw, 48px);
}
body.why .pill-ghost {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1.5px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
}
body.why .pill-ghost::after { content: '\2193'; }
body.why .pill-ghost:hover { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1); }

/* the portrait: a framed print leaning on the picture */
body.why .portrait {
  position: relative;
  margin: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  border-radius: 18px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    radial-gradient(120% 80% at 50% 0%, rgba(232, 213, 185, 0.12), transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(to bottom, #0d1220, #060a14);
  box-shadow:
    inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(232, 213, 185, 0.22),
    0 40px 80px -30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9),
    0 0 60px -20px rgba(227, 184, 122, 0.25);
}
body.why .portrait picture { display: block; height: 100%; }
body.why .portrait img { width: 100%; height: 100%; max-width: none; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 30%; }
body.why .portrait figcaption {
  position: absolute;
  left: 16px;
  right: 16px;
  bottom: 16px;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: rgba(6, 10, 20, 0.72);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
          backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}
body.why .portrait figcaption b { display: block; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 500; color: #f4efe6; }
body.why .portrait figcaption span { display: block; margin-top: 2px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--ink-3); }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ the record */
body.why #record { padding-top: 8px; padding-bottom: clamp(72px, 8vw, 120px); }
body.why .stats {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  max-width: var(--wide);
  border-radius: 20px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.06), rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.02));
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.14);
}
body.why .stats li {
  padding: clamp(26px, 2.6vw, 40px) clamp(20px, 2.2vw, 34px);
}
body.why .stats li + li { box-shadow: inset 1px 0 0 rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.12); }
body.why .stats b {
  display: block;
  font-size: clamp(44px, 4.6vw, 68px);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
}
body.why .stats span {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 14px;
  font-size: 15.5px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ who he is */
body.why #profile {
  padding-top: clamp(40px, 5vw, 72px);
  padding-bottom: clamp(96px, 11vw, 168px);
}
body.why .profile-in {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 7fr) minmax(0, 5fr);
  gap: clamp(48px, 7vw, 112px);
  max-width: var(--wide);
}
body.why .profile-in h2 {
  margin-top: 18px;
  font-size: clamp(40px, 4.6vw, 68px);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
}
body.why .profile-body { margin-top: clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px); }
body.why .profile-body p {
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(20px, 1.6vw, 23px);
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink);
}
body.why .profile-body p + p { margin-top: 1em; }
body.why .profile-body p:first-child::first-letter {
  float: left;
  margin: 0.06em 0.12em 0 0;
  font-size: 3.6em;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 0.82;
  color: var(--sand);
}

/* the road, a year a stop */
body.why .road {
  align-self: start;
  padding: clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px);
  border-radius: 20px;
  background: var(--glass);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line);
}
body.why .road .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 26px; }
body.why .road li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 96px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
  padding: 18px 0;
}
body.why .road li + li { box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 var(--line); }
body.why .road time {
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: 22px;
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--sand);
}
body.why .road p { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ink-2); }
body.why .road p b { display: block; margin-bottom: 2px; font-weight: 500; color: #f1ece4; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ the story */
body.why #story { padding-bottom: clamp(48px, 6vw, 88px); }
body.why .story-head {
  max-width: var(--col);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: clamp(80px, 9vw, 136px) 0 clamp(40px, 5vw, 72px);
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 var(--line);
}
body.why .story-head h2 {
  margin-top: 20px;
  font-size: clamp(44px, 5.4vw, 80px);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
}
body.why .story-head p.sub {
  margin-top: 22px;
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: 21px;
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}

body.why .chapter {
  max-width: var(--col);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: clamp(56px, 6vw, 96px) 0 0;
}
/* "Chapter I", a rule, then the name: the numeral never reads as a word */
body.why .ch-mark {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.3em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-ink);
}
body.why .ch-mark i {
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: 21px;
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
  color: var(--sand);
}
body.why .ch-mark span:last-child { font-size: 13.5px; color: #f1e7d8; }
body.why .ch-rule {
  flex: none;
  width: 44px;
  height: 1px;
  background: rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.5);
}
body.why .chapter h3 {
  margin: 14px 0 clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px);
  font-size: clamp(34px, 3.6vw, 52px);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.04;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  color: #f4efe6;
}

/* his voice: one clause a line, a stanza a thought */
body.why .verse p {
  text-wrap: pretty;
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(21px, 1.75vw, 25px);
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink);
}
body.why .verse p + p { margin-top: 1.05em; }
body.why .verse strong { font-weight: 500; color: #fff8ee; }
body.why .verse p.caps {
  font-family: var(--font);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.28em;
  color: var(--sand);
}
body.why .verse .quiet { color: var(--ink-2); font-style: italic; }

/* a line that leaves the column */
body.why .pull {
  max-width: 1040px;
  margin: clamp(64px, 7vw, 112px) auto 0;
  padding: 0;
  text-align: center;
}
body.why .pull p {
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(44px, 6vw, 92px);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff6ea 15%, var(--sand) 60%, var(--sand-deep) 100%);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
          background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  padding-bottom: 0.08em;
}
body.why .pull-last { margin-top: clamp(56px, 6vw, 88px); }
body.why .pull cite {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 22px;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.3em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}

/* 2008: the same year, two ways */
body.why .year {
  position: relative;
  max-width: var(--wide);
  margin: clamp(72px, 8vw, 128px) auto 0;
  padding: clamp(56px, 6vw, 96px) clamp(28px, 4vw, 64px);
  border-radius: 28px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    radial-gradient(80% 120% at 50% 100%, rgba(110, 121, 201, 0.14), transparent 70%),
    linear-gradient(to bottom, #070c18, #04080f);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line);
  isolation: isolate;
}
body.why .year-n {
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  bottom: -0.16em;
  z-index: -1;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(180px, 26vw, 380px);
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  color: rgba(232, 213, 185, 0.05);
  white-space: nowrap;
  pointer-events: none;
}
body.why .year-two {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: clamp(32px, 5vw, 80px);
}
body.why .year-two > div + div { box-shadow: -1px 0 0 var(--line); padding-left: clamp(32px, 5vw, 80px); margin-left: calc(-1 * clamp(32px, 5vw, 80px)); }
body.why .year-two h4 {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.3em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
body.why .year-two > div + div h4 { color: var(--gold-ink); }
body.why .year-two p {
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2vw, 28px);
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}
body.why .year-two > div + div p { color: #f6efe4; }
body.why .year-two p + p { margin-top: 0.8em; }

/* the old way and the new, side by side */
body.why .ways {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  max-width: 1040px;
  margin: clamp(64px, 7vw, 104px) auto 0;
  border-radius: 24px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line);
}
body.why .ways > div { padding: clamp(32px, 3.4vw, 52px); }
body.why .ways .old { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02); }
body.why .ways .new { background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(232, 200, 150, 0.16), rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.06)); }
body.why .ways h4 {
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.3em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
body.why .ways .new h4 { color: var(--gold-ink); }
body.why .ways li {
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(28px, 2.8vw, 40px);
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.3;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
body.why .ways .old li {
  color: #7f838b;
  text-decoration: line-through;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(220, 120, 110, 0.55);
  text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
}
body.why .ways .new li { color: var(--sand); }

/* what he built: the three, each with its own picture */
body.why .built {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
  max-width: var(--wide);
  margin: clamp(48px, 5vw, 72px) auto 0;
}
body.why .built li {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 12px 12px 28px;
  border-radius: 22px;
  background: var(--o, var(--glass));
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line);
}
body.why .built li:nth-child(1) { --o: rgba(120, 146, 222, 0.09); }
body.why .built li:nth-child(2) { --o: rgba(110, 215, 205, 0.07); }
body.why .built li:nth-child(3) { --o: rgba(230, 180, 100, 0.08); }
body.why .built .shot {
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 2;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 14px;
}
body.why .built .shot img { width: 100%; height: 100%; max-width: none; object-fit: cover; filter: brightness(1.1) saturate(1.05); }
body.why .built b {
  display: block;
  margin: 22px 14px 0;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: #f4efe6;
}
body.why .built .role {
  margin: 4px 14px 0;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.24em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-ink);
}
body.why .built p.say {
  margin: 14px 14px 0;
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ the close */
body.why #close {
  padding-top: clamp(64px, 6vw, 96px);
  padding-bottom: 0;
  text-align: center;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--ground), var(--ground-up) 60%, var(--ground));
}
body.why #close { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; }
body.why .letter-end {
  width: min(var(--col), calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 0 auto;
}
body.why .letter-end .verse { text-align: center; }
body.why .sign {
  margin-top: clamp(40px, 4vw, 56px);
  font-family: var(--news);
  font-size: clamp(40px, 4vw, 58px);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--sand);
}
body.why .sign-role {
  margin-top: 14px;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.3em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
body.why .offer {
  width: min(760px, calc(100% - 40px));
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: clamp(72px, 8vw, 112px) auto 0;
  padding: clamp(36px, 4vw, 56px) clamp(24px, 4vw, 56px);
  border-radius: 26px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.09), rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.03));
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.18);
}
body.why .offer-what {
  font-size: clamp(26px, 2.6vw, 36px);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}
body.why .offer-what span { display: block; }
body.why .offer-price { margin-top: 16px; font-size: 17px; color: var(--ink-2); }
body.why .offer .actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; gap: 14px; margin-top: 32px; }
body.why .skyline {
  height: max(150px, 22.2vw);
  margin-top: clamp(64px, 7vw, 104px);
  background: url('../assets/hero-city.webp') center bottom / auto 100% no-repeat;
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 40%);
          mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, #000 40%);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ 1100 and down */
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  body.why .cover-in { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 0.8fr); }
  body.why .stats { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  body.why .stats li:nth-child(3) { box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.12); }
  body.why .stats li:nth-child(4) { box-shadow: inset 1px 0 0 rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.12), inset 0 1px 0 rgba(219, 195, 170, 0.12); }
  body.why .profile-in { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  body.why .built { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); max-width: 560px; }
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ phones */
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body.why { --gutter: 20px; }
  body.why #cover { min-height: 0; padding-top: calc(var(--header-h) + 36px); }
  body.why .cover-art img { object-position: 70% 30%; }
  body.why .cover-art::after {
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(2, 6, 13, 0.7) 0%, rgba(2, 6, 13, 0.82) 45%, var(--ground) 100%);
  }
  body.why .cover-in { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 40px; }
  body.why .cover-name { font-size: clamp(52px, 15vw, 72px); }
  body.why .portrait { max-width: 360px; }
  body.why .cover-copy .actions .pill { width: 100%; }
  body.why .stats li { padding: 22px 18px; }
  body.why .stats span { font-size: 14px; }
  body.why .road { padding: 24px 20px; }
  body.why .road li { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 6px; }
  body.why .year { padding: 120px 22px 48px; border-radius: 22px; }
  body.why .year-n { top: 18px; bottom: auto; transform: translateX(-50%); font-size: 112px; color: rgba(232, 213, 185, 0.16); }
  body.why .year-two { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 40px; }
  body.why .year-two > div + div { box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 var(--line); padding: 40px 0 0; margin: 0; }
  body.why .ways { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  body.why .offer .actions .pill { width: 100%; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}

/* a ghost pill that goes across the site, not down the page */
body.why .pill-ghost.pill-across::after { content: '\2192'; }